The ability to add and remove layers is vital. Think in terms of three layers: base, insulation and outer. A long-sleeved T-shirt made of a moisture-wicking fabric, such as Capiliene, makes a good base layer. The middle insulation layer can be varied to match the temperature.

Professional cross-country skier, Peter Vordenberg, recommends brushed synthetic fabrics designed to transfer moisture, such as synchilla fleece, or if you prefer natural fibers, a wool pullover.

Fleece is more lightweight and doesn't smell when it gets wet, but wool will still keep you dry and block strong winds. The outer layer can be made of Gore-Tex or down to protect you from wind and snow. Gore-Tex is the brand name for a type of waterproof breathable fabric, which protects you from the elements while allowing body heat to escape. Activent, Entrant and Omni-Tech are similar waterproof materials. You can protect your legs with Capiliene long johns and Gore-Tex snow pants that can be easily removed with zippers up the sides. For your noggin, wear a synthetic fleece hat or headband, because an enormous amount of body heat can escape through your head. The same is true of your feet. You should wear one pair of fairly thin, but warm, socks.

Experts recommend merino wool, fleece or microfleece. Never wear cotton tube socks, because they retain moisture.

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